1. General
A na-eji valvụ nke usoro a na-emechi ma ọ bụ mepee pipeline na usoro pipeline iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ nke usoro ahụ.
2. Nkọwa ngwaahịa
2.1 Usoro chọrọ
2.1.1 Kere na mmepụta: API600, API603, ASME B16.34, BS1414
2.1.2 Njikọ njedebe akụkụ: ASME B16.5, ASME B16.47, ASME B16.25
2.1.3 Ihu na ihu ma ọ bụ njedebe ruo ọgwụgwụ: ASME B16.10
2.1.4 Nyocha na ule: API 598, API600
2.1.5 Nha aha: MPS2″ ~ 48″, Ogo klaasị aha: Klas150 ~ 2500
2.2 Valves nke usoro a bụ akwụkwọ ntuziaka (nke a na-eme site na handwheel ma ọ bụ igbe gear) ọnụ ụzọ ámá na njedebe flange na njedebe ịgbado ọkụ. Mgbe tụgharịa wheel aka n'akụkụ elekere, ọnụ ụzọ ahụ na-adaba iji mechie pipeline; mgbe ị na-atụgharị ụkwụ aka n'akụkụ elekere, ọnụ ụzọ ahụ na-ebili ka ọ mepee pipeline.
2.3 Ihe nhazi ahụ hụ Fig.1, 2 na 3.
2.4 Edepụtara aha na akụrụngwa nke akụkụ ndị bụ isi na tebụl 1.
(Isiokwu nke 1)
Aha akụkụ | Ihe onwunwe |
Ahụ na bonnet | ASTM A216 WCB, ASTM A352 LCB, ASTM A217 WC6. ASTM A217 WC9, ASTM A351 CF3, ASTM A351 CF3M ASTM A351 CF8, ASTM A351 CF8M, ASTM A351 CN7M ASTM A494 CW-2M, ego |
Ọnụ ụzọ | ASTM A216 WCB, ASTM A352 LCB, ASTM A217 WC6. ASTM A217 WC9, ASTM A351 CF3, ASTM A351 CF3M ASTM A351 CF8, ASTM A351 CF8M, ASTM A351 CN7M ASTM A494 CW-2M, ego |
oche | ASTM A105, ASTM A350 LF2, F11, F22, ASTM A182 F304 (304L), ASTM A182 F316 (316L) ASTM B462, Has.C-4, Monel |
azuokokoosisi | ASTM A182 F6a, ASTM A182 F304 (304L) ASTM A182 F316 (316L), ASTM B462, Has.C-4, Monel |
Nkwakọ ngwaahịa | Grafite nwere braid na graphite na-agbanwe agbanwe, PTFE |
Stud/nut | ASTM A193 B7/A194 2H, ASTM L320 L7/A194 4, ASTM A193 B16/A194 4, ASTM A193 B8/A194 8 ASTM A193 B8M/A194 8M |
Gasket | 304 (316) + Graph, 304 (316) , Has.C-4, Ego, B462 |
Mgbanaka oche / diski / elu | 13Cr,18Cr-8Ni,18Cr-8Ni-Mo,NiCu alloy,25Cr-20Ni,STL |
3. Nchekwa, mmezi, ntinye na ọrụ
3.1 Nchekwa na mmezi
3.1.1 Ekwesịrị ịchekwa valvụ ahụ n'ime ụlọ akọrọ na nke ọma. Ekwesịrị iji mkpuchi kpuchie ngwụcha ngwụcha ya.
3.1.2 A ga-enyocha valvụ ndị dị n'okpuru nchekwa ogologo oge ma na-ehicha ya mgbe niile, karịsịa ihicha ihu oche iji gbochie mmebi, na ihe ndị a gwụchara kwesịrị iji nchara na-egbochi mmanụ.
3.1.3 Ọ bụrụ na oge nchekwa karịa ọnwa 18, a ga-anwale valves ma dee ndekọ.
3.1.4 Ekwesịrị inyocha valvụ arụnyere ma rụkwaa ya mgbe niile. Isi ihe mmezi gụnyere ihe ndị a:
1) Akara ihu
2) Valve stem na valvụ stem nut.
3) mbukota.
4) Na-emebi emebi n'elu ime valvụ na valvụ bonnet
3.2 Nwụnye
Tupu echichi, jide n'aka na akara valvụ (dị ka ihe nlereanya, DN, 3.2.1PN na ihe onwunwe) dị ka ihe achọrọ nke usoro pipeline si dị.
3.2.2 Tupu echichi, jiri nlezianya lelee ụzọ valvụ na ihu mkpuchi. Ọ bụrụ na enwere unyi, hichaa ya nke ọma.
3.2.3 Tupu echichi, jide n'aka na a na-ejikọta bolts niile.
3.2.4 Tupu echichi, jide n'aka na a na-ejikọta nkwakọ ngwaahịa nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, mmegharị nke valvụ stem ekwesịghị ịma jijiji.
3.2.5 Ebe ntinye nke valvụ kwesịrị ịkwado nyocha na ọrụ. Ọnọdụ kachasị mma kwesịrị ịbụ na pipeline dị n'ahịrị, wheel wheel dị n'elu, na valvụ kwụ ọtọ.
3.2.6 Maka valvụ a na-emechi emechi, ọ dịghị mma ịwụnye ya na ebe nrụgide na-arụ ọrụ dị nnọọ ukwuu iji zere mmebi nke valvụ.
3.2.7 Socket welded valves ga-opekata mpe izute ihe ndị a chọrọ mgbe a na-agbado ha maka ntinye na usoro pipeline na saịtị:
1) Weld ga-emerịrị site n'aka onye welder nwere asambodo ntozu welder nke ndị gọọmentị steeti na-ekpo ọkụ na nrụgide ụgbọ mmiri kwadoro; ma ọ bụ welder nke nwetara asambodo iru eru welder akọwapụtara na ASME Vol.Ⅸ.
2) A ghaghị ịhọrọ usoro ịgbado ọkụ dị ka akọwapụtara na ntuziaka mmesi obi ike nke ihe ịgbado ọkụ.
3) Ngwakọta kemịkalụ, arụ ọrụ igwe na nguzogide corrosion nke igwe nkpuchi nke igwe ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị dakọtara na metal ntọala.
3.2.8 A na-etinyekarị valvụ ahụ, nnukwu nrụgide n'ihi nkwado, ngwa na ọkpọkọ kwesịrị izere.
3.2.9 Mgbe echichi, n'oge ule nrụgide nke usoro pipeline, a ghaghị imeghe valvụ ahụ kpamkpam.
3.2.10 Ebe a na-ebu ibu: ọ bụrụ na pipeline nwere ike zuru oke iji buru ibu valve na arụ ọrụ, mgbe ahụ, ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla achọrọ, ma ọ bụghị valvụ kwesịrị inwe ebe ọ na-ebu.
3.2.11 Ebuli elu: ejila aka were bulie ma bulie valvụ.
3.3 Arụ ọrụ na ojiji
3.3.1 N'ime oge ọrụ, a ghaghị imeghe ọnụ ụzọ valvụ ma ọ bụ mechie ya kpamkpam iji zere mmebi elu nke mgbanaka oche na ọnụ ụzọ valve n'ihi nnukwu ọsọ ọsọ. Enweghị ike iji ya dozie ikike eruba.
3.3.2 Mgbe emepere ma ọ bụ mechie valvụ ahụ, jiri handwheel kama iji eriri inyeaka ma ọ bụ jiri ngwa ọzọ.
3.3.3 N'ebe okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ, jide n'aka na nrụgide ozugbo na-adị ala karịa 1.1 ugboro na nrụgide arụ ọrụ nke nrụgide okpomọkụ na ASME B16.34.
3.3.4 Ekwesịrị itinye ihe enyemaka nchekwa na pipeline iji gbochie nrụgide ọrụ nke valvụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ site n'ịfefe nrụgide kachasị ike.
3.3.5 Amachibidoro valvụ na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ n'oge njem, ntinye na oge ọrụ.
3.3.6 Nbibi nke mmiri na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, dịka ọmụmaatụ, nbibi nke ụfọdụ mmiri nwere ike ime ka mmụba olu ma mee ka nrụgide na-arụ ọrụ, si otú a na-emebi valvụ ma na-eme ka ọ gbasaa, ya mere, jiri ihe nlele kwesịrị ekwesị iji kpochapụ ma ọ bụ mechie ihe ndị nwere ike ime ka ọkpụkpụ. nke mmiri mmiri.
3.3.7 Ọ bụrụ na mmiri ahụ bụ condensate, nke a ga-emetụta arụmọrụ valve, jiri ngwá ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị iji belata okpomọkụ nke mmiri mmiri (dịka ọmụmaatụ, iji kwe nkwa okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke mmiri) ma ọ bụ dochie ya na ụdị valvụ ọzọ.
3.3.8 Maka mmiri na-ere ọkụ nke onwe, jiri ngwa nha kwesịrị ekwesị na-ekwe nkwa ọnọdụ na nrụgide ọrụ anaghị agafe ebe mgbanye onwe ya (karịsịa hụ ìhè anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ọkụ mpụga).
3.3.9 Ọ bụrụ na mmiri dị ize ndụ, dị ka ihe mgbawa, ọkụ. Ihe na-egbu egbu, ngwaahịa oxidation, a machibidoro iwu iji dochie nkwakọ ngwaahịa n'okpuru nrụgide (ọ bụ ezie na valvụ ahụ nwere ọrụ dị otú ahụ).
3.3.10 Jide n'aka na mmiri ahụ adịghị ọcha, nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ valve, enweghị ihe siri ike, ma ọ bụghị ya, a ga-eji ihe nlele kwesịrị ekwesị wepụ ihe ruru unyi na ihe siri ike, ma ọ bụ dochie ya na ụdị valvụ ọzọ.
3.3.11 Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ:
Ihe onwunwe | okpomọkụ | Ihe onwunwe | okpomọkụ |
ASTM A216 WCB | -29 425 ℃ | ASTM A217 WC6 | -29 538 ℃ |
ASTM A352 LCB | -46 ~ 343 ℃ | ASTM A217 WC9 | -29 570 ℃ |
ASTM A351 CF3 (CF3M) | -196 ~ 454 ℃ | ASTM A494 CW-2M | -29 450 ℃ |
ASTM A351 CF8 (CF8M) | -196 ~ 454 ℃ | Ego | -29 425 ℃ |
ASTM A351 CN7M | -29 450 ℃ | - |
3.3.12 Jide n'aka na ihe nke valvụ ahụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka ojiji na gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri na-eguzogide corrosion na nchara.
3.3.13 N'ime oge ọrụ, nyochaa arụmọrụ akara dị ka tebụl dị n'okpuru:
Ebe nyocha | ihipu |
Njikọ n'etiti valvụ ahụ na bonnet | efu |
Nkwakọ ngwaahịa | efu |
oche Valve | Dị ka kwa teknuzu nkọwapụta |
3.3.14 Na-enyocha mgbe niile maka iyi mkpuchi ihu. Mbukota ịka nká na mmebi. Mee ndozi ma ọ bụ dochie anya n'oge ma ọ bụrụ na achọpụtara ihe akaebe.
3.3.15 Mgbe emezichara, megharịa ma dozie valvụ ahụ, arụmọrụ tightness ule ma mee ndekọ.
3.3.16 Nnwale na ịrụzi n'ime bụ afọ abụọ.
4. Nsogbu nwere ike ime, ihe kpatara ya na usoro ọgwụgwọ
Nkọwa nsogbu | Ihe kpatara ya nwere ike | Usoro mmezi |
Leba anya na mbukota | Mbukota agwakọta nke ọma | Tinyegharịa nut nkwakọ ngwaahịa |
Oke mbukota ezughi oke | Tinyekwu mbukota | |
Nkwakọ ngwaahịa mebiri emebi n'ihi ọrụ ogologo oge ma ọ bụ nchebe na-ezighi ezi | Dochie mbukota | |
Ntupu na ihu oche oche valvụ | Ihu oche ruru unyi | Wepu unyi |
Ihu oche eyiri | Dozie ya ma ọ bụ dochie mgbanaka oche ma ọ bụ ọnụ ụzọ valvụ | |
Ihu oche mebiri emebi n'ihi ihe siri ike | Wepu ihe siri ike na mmiri mmiri, rụzie ma ọ bụ dochie mgbanaka oche ma ọ bụ ọnụ ụzọ valvụ, ma ọ bụ jiri ụdị valvụ ọzọ dochie ya | |
Leak na njikọ n'etiti valvụ ahụ na valvụ bonnet | Ejikechighị bolts nke ọma | Jikọọ bolts n'ụdị |
Elu oche nke valvụ ahụ na valvụ bonnet flange mebiri emebi | Dozie ya | |
gasket mebiri emebi ma ọ bụ gbajiri agbaji | Dochie gasket | |
Enweghị ike imeghe ma ọ bụ mechie ntụgharị siri ike nke wheel wheel ma ọ bụ ọnụ ụzọ valvụ | Mbukota agwakọta nke ukwuu | tọpụ akị nkwakọ ngwaahịa nke ọma |
Nrụrụ ma ọ bụ na-ehulata nke gland sealing | Gbanwee sealing gland | |
Akụ valvụ mebiri emebi | Eriri ziri ezi ma wepụ unyi | |
eriri valvụ akpụrụ akpụrụ akpụ ma ọ bụ gbajiri agbaji | Dochie valvụ stem nut | |
Bent valvụ stem | Dochie stem valve | |
Uru ndu elu nke valvụ ọnụ ụzọ ámá ma ọ bụ valvụ ahụ | Wepu unyi n'elu ntuziaka |
Mara: Onye ọrụ kwesịrị inwe ihe ọmụma na ahụmịhe bara uru na valvụ.
5. Akwụkwọ ikike
Mgbe etinyere valvụ ahụ, oge ikike nke valvụ bụ ọnwa 12, mana ọ gaghị agafe ọnwa 24 ka ụbọchị nnyefe gasịrị. N'ime oge akwụkwọ ikike, onye nrụpụta ga-enye ọrụ nrụzi ma ọ bụ akụkụ mapụtara n'efu maka mmebi n'ihi ihe, ọrụ ma ọ bụ mmebi ma ọ bụrụhaala na ọrụ ahụ ziri ezi.
Oge nzipu: Nov-10-2020